Mahatma Phule Remembered For Institutions He Built, Movements He Led: PM Modi

NEW DELHI : Prime Minister Narendra Modi on Saturday described Mahatma Jyotirao Phule as a great reformer and said his life was one of moral courage, restless enquiry and unshakable commitment to social good.
In a signed article posted on his website , on Phule’s birth anniversary, Modi said Phule is remembered for the institutions he built and the movements he led.
“Mahatma Phule was a great reformer. In addition to that, his was a life of moral courage, restless enquiry and unshakable commitment to social good,” he said.
As we mark the beginning of his bicentenary year, the Prime Minister said, the most fitting tribute to Mahatma Jyotirao Phule is about renewal.
“Renewal of our commitment to subjects close to his heart, such as education. Renewal of our sensitivity to injustice. Renewal of our faith that society can improve itself from within,” he said.
Modi said Phule’s life tells everyone that the power of community can achieve miracles in India when joined with moral clarity and public purpose.
“That is why he still gives strength to millions. That is why his words and work still carry hope. And that is why, nearly two hundred years after his birth, Mahatma Jyotirao Phule remains not a figure of the past, but a guide for India’s future,” he said.
Phule was born on April 11, 1827, in Maharashtra and died on November 28, 1890.
The Prime Minister said Phule worked to create a new social imagination in which the classroom became an instrument of justice and equality.
“His vision for education inspires us greatly. Over the last decade, we have worked to make research and innovation a cornerstone for the youth of India. Efforts are being made to create an ecosystem where young minds are encouraged to question, explore and innovate,” he said.
By investing in knowledge, skills and opportunity, Modi said, India is empowering its youth to become problem-solvers and drivers of national progress.
He said due to his knowledge and wisdom, Phule developed a strong understanding of areas such as agriculture, healthcare and rural development.
“He often said that injustice towards our farmers and workers weakens our society. He saw how social inequalities manifested themselves in daily life, be it in the farms or in villages.
“Hence, he immersed himself in ensuring dignity for the poor, the downtrodden and the marginalised. At the same time, he made every possible effort to ensure social harmony was maintained,” Modi said.
The prime minister said April 11 is a deeply special day for everyone as it is the birth anniversary of Mahatma Jyotirao Phule, one of India’s greatest social reformers and a guiding light for generations.
He said this year, the occasion carries even greater significance, as it marks the beginning of his 200th birth anniversary celebrations.
At the same time, Modi said, Phule’s contribution to the country’s civilisational journey lies in the hope he aroused, the confidence he instilled and the strength his thoughts continue to give to millions of people across the nation.
Born in the great state of Maharashtra in 1827, Mahatma Phule emerged from modest beginnings, but his initial hardships never stood in the way of his learning, his courage or his commitment to society, Modi said.
“This is a trait that remained with him forever: whatever the challenges may be, one must work hard, acquire knowledge and mitigate those challenges instead of doing nothing about it,” he said.
The prime minister said that from his school days, young Jyotirao was deeply curious and became a voracious reader, often reading books far beyond what children his age were expected to engage with.
“Years later, he said, ‘The more questions we generate, the more knowledge emerges from them’. Clearly, the spirit of enquiry he was blessed with since his childhood remained constant in his journey,” he said.
Throughout his life, Modi said, learning and education became central to Phule’s mission, and he recognised with rare clarity that knowledge is not a privilege to be guarded, but a force to be shared.
“At a time when the joys of learning were denied to many, he opened pioneering schools for girls and for those kept out of formal education.
He used to say, “Any improvement that comes in children through mothers is deeply valuable. Therefore, if schools are to be opened, they should first be opened for girls”, Modi said.
“Mahatma Phule opined, True freedom cannot be achieved until everyone in society is granted equal rights. And for that, he built institutions that translated this vision into action, contributing to a just society,” he said.
The prime minister said the Satyashodhak Samaj, founded by him, was one of the most important social reform movements in modern India.
“It was at the forefront of social reform, community service and furthering human dignity. It became an effective voice for women, youngsters and those living in villages,” he said.
Modi said this movement reflected Mahatma Phule’s intrinsic belief that society could be strengthened by placing at its core justice, respect for every person and a spirit of collective progress.
He said Phule’s personal life, too, carried lessons in courage.
“Always working and being among the people took a toll on his health. But even the most serious health challenges did not dim his resolve. After suffering a debilitating stroke, he continued to work and fulfil his vision.
“Yes, his body had been tested, but his commitment to society had not yielded. For millions today, especially those who draw courage from struggle, this remains one of the most powerful dimensions of his life,” he said.
The prime minister said no remembrance of Mahatma Phule can be complete without a respectful mention of Savitribai Phule, who was herself one of the tallest reformers of our nation.
As one of India’s pioneering women teachers, Modi said Savitribai Phule played a defining role in advancing education for girls, thus giving them the opportunity to pursue their dreams.
After Mahatma Phule’s passing, Savitribai carried forward that torch and, in 1897, during a plague outbreak, she served victims with such devotion that she herself contracted the disease and lost her own life, he said.
“Our land has been blessed, time and again, by great men and women who have strengthened society through thought, sacrifice and action. They did not wait for change to arrive from somewhere else. They became its source,” he said.
Modi said that for hundreds of years in the country’s land, the clarion call for social betterment has often risen from within society itself, from those who could see suffering clearly and refused to accept it as fate, and Mahatma Jyotirao Phule was one such voice.
“I fondly recall my visit to Pune in 2022, when I had offered tributes to Mahatma Phule at his grand statue in the city,” he said. (Agencies)