Opinion | International Day Against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking / World Drug Day

The Devastating Consequences of Tobacco Abuse and Substance Abuse Disorder

As we observe International Day Against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking on June 26, 2024, it is crucial to acknowledge the destructive effects of tobacco abuse and substance abuse disorder on individuals and society. Tobacco abuse has severe and far-reaching consequences for the brain, nerves, and overall health, leading to a range of cognitive, emotional, and physical impairments. Nicotine, the primary psychoactive ingredient in tobacco, rapidly affects the brain, causing irreversible damage to brain cells and neural pathways, resulting in cognitive impairment and memory loss. Psychotropic drug abuse cause mood fluctuations, mood swings including anxiety, depression, irritability and weakened immunity, making users more susceptible to illnesses and infections. Drug abuse also causes tooth decay and gum disease, leading to tooth loss and oral health issues.
Substance abuse disorder, encompassing tobacco addiction, is a serious mental health issue that affects the nervous system, mood, perception, cognition, and behaviour. Prolonged usage of tobacco and allied drugs causes gastric problems, including nausea, vomiting, ulcers, and digestive issues. Drug addicts usually have diminished senses of taste and smell, leading to a reduced quality of life This condition arises from a complex interplay of genetic, environmental, and psychological factors, including:
– Genetic vulnerability, predisposing individuals to addiction
– Environmental stresses, such as trauma, stress, and social pressures
– Social pressures, including peer influence, traditional, cultural and familial norms
– Individual personality characteristics, such as inferiority complex ,low self-esteem and impulsivity
– Psychiatric problems, including depression, epilepsy ,anxiety, and bipolar disorder.
Research suggests that substance abuse and mental health disorders often co-occur due to shared risk factors, genetic predisposition, and environmental influences. Mental disorders can contribute to substance abuse, and vice versa, leading to changes in brain structure and function, including:
– Altered brain chemistry and function, leading to dependence and addiction
– Increased risk of mental health disorders, including depression, anxiety, and psychosis
– Exacerbation of mental health symptoms, leading to increased severity and duration
Third grade or the worst form of tobacco, like ghutka, newla, naswar, pan masala etc because of being very cheap is the drug of choice of the poor and downtrodden people particularly belonging to bad pockets. It is a highly addictive and dangerous form of tobacco abuse, leading to increased risk of oral cancer, gum recession, tooth loss and mental disorders.
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In order to address these public health concerns, we must adopt a comprehensive approach, including:
– Public awareness campaigns to educate individuals about the risks of tobacco abuse
and substance abuse disorder
– School programs to prevent initiation and promote healthy behaviours
– Evidence-based treatments, including counselling, medication, and behavioural therapy
– Support groups for individuals and families affected by substance abuse disorder
– Reduced stigma and shame associated with substance abuse disorder, promoting seeking help and support
– Community outreach and healthcare services, fostering a culture of well-being and promoting healthy behaviours
By working together, we can mitigate the devastating effects of tobacco abuse and substance abuse disorder, promoting a healthier and safer community for all.
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Syed Majid Gilani is a writer and GST Inspector and can be reached at syedmajid6676@gmail.com